| 是 | to be | shì |
| 老 | old | lǎo |
| 师 | teacher, master, specialist s.. | shī |
| 師 | teacher, master, specialist s.. | shī |
| 吗 | ma question particle | ma |
| 嗎 | ma question particle | ma |
| 不 | not, no b.. | bù , bú , bu |
| 学 | to study, to learn | xué |
| 學 | to study, to learn | xué |
| 也 | also, too | yě |
| 中 | center, medium, middle, to fit exactly, to hit | zhōng , zhòng |
| 国 | country, nation g.. | guó |
| 國 | country, nation g.. | guó |
| 北 | north | běi |
| 京 | capital city in Beijing | jīng |
| 美 | beautiful m.. | měi |
| 纽 | knob, button | niǔ |
| 紐 | knob, button | niǔ |
| 约 | agreement, to make an appointment | yuē |
| 約 | agreement, to make an appointment | yuē |
| 老师 | teacher combined | lǎo shī |
| 学生 | student combined | xué sheng |
| 中国 | China | zhōng guó |
| 北京 | Beijing capital of China | běi jīng |
| 美国 | America | měi guó |
| 纽约 | New York | niǔ yuē |
| 德 | ethics, morality, virtue d.. | dé |
| 德国 | Germany | dé guó |